The EU has announced proposed laws to assist the free flow of medicines from Great Britain into Northern Ireland, in a move it said would create momentum to resolve other disputes over Brexit’s Irish Sea border.

European Commission vice-president Maros Sefcovic announced the legislative proposals in Brussels on Friday.

UK Brexit Minister Lord Frost said London would look “positively” at the EU proposals but he expressed disappointment that solutions to wider issues linked to the Northern Ireland Protocol had not yet been resolved.

He said there was an urgent need to resolve the disputes on issues such as customs paperwork, agri-food checks and the oversight role of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) in the new year.

Lord Frost reiterated the UK’s threat to suspend operation of parts of the protocol – by triggering its Article 16 mechanism – if an agreement cannot be found next year.

The issues surrounding medicines stem from the outworking of the regulatory differences the protocol has created between Northern Ireland and the rest of the UK.

Under the terms of the protocol, which was agreed as part of the Brexit divorce deal to ensure a free-flowing border on the island of Ireland, Northern Ireland remains covered by the EU’s pharmaceutical regulations.

As Northern Ireland receives most of its medicines from suppliers in Great Britain, there had been concerns that their movement could be impeded when a grace period expires.

That grace period was originally due to end in January but in the autumn the UK extended it unilaterally – along with other temporary exemptions associated with the protocol – pending efforts to find negotiated solutions to the issues.

The unilateral EU move to change its laws would enable the continued movement of medicines between Great Britain and Northern Ireland without the restrictions that would have applied under the original terms of the protocol.

Mr Sefcovic said: “During my visit to Northern Ireland in September I promised to do whatever it takes to ensure a long-lasting solution on medicines, all the more so in the light of the current pandemic.

“I kept my word and today the Commission is delivering in the form of a legislative proposal ensuring that everyone in Northern Ireland has access to the same medicines at the same time as in the rest of the United Kingdom.”

Mr Sefcovic said the proposed legislation covers both generic medicines and innovative new medicines, such as those for cancer treatment.

“In a nutshell this will be possible because all the regulatory functions of pharmaceutical companies supplying medicines from Great Britain to Northern Ireland can remain in the UK, while no additional batch testing, manufacturing and licence authorisation or separate packaging is required,” he said.

Mr Sefcovic added: “I am confident that this is an important milestone and that our proposals will deliver on the objectives.

“On the one hand, they answer all concerns raised by stakeholders during our extensive outreach and at the same time we have engaged intensively with the UK Government to reach an appropriate solution.

“I’m convinced that the issue of medicines show that the protocol has the flexibility to work on the grounds.

“Therefore, we must carry this momentum into the other areas of discussion.

“The EU’s objective remains the same – to jointly identify durable solutions to ease the flow of goods between Great Britain and Northern Ireland. This covers both customs and the movement of sanitary and phytosanitary goods.”

The legislation will need to be ratified by both the European Council and the European Parliament before coming into operation

Protocol talks are set to resume in January when efforts will intensify to resolve the areas of dispute.

Mr Sefcovic said he hoped there would be a “gear change” in the wider negotiations with the UK on protocol issues next month.

“Today is a further demonstration of the EU’s unwavering commitment to stability and predictability for citizens and businesses in Northern Ireland and I urge the UK Government to reciprocate our efforts,” he said.

“The EU and the UK are partners with shared values and shared global challenges so it is time to change gear and bring our partnership to the level on which it belongs.”

One of the thorniest remaining issues is the oversight role of the ECJ.

The UK Government has previously insisted the total removal of the ECJ’s function was a red line, while the EU made clear Northern Ireland could not retain unfettered access to the single market without the ECJ overseeing matters of EU law.

It remains unclear whether a compromise position can be reached, potentially one that could see a more limited role for the ECJ – confined to only EU law matters – with an independent mechanism dealing with wider arbitration issues.

Mr Sefcovic said the ECJ was not within his negotiating mandate.

“Without the European Court of Justice we cannot have a properly functioning single market and I have to repeat again my impression that when I was talking to the stakeholders in Northern Ireland, the political and civic society representatives and business leaders, this issue was barely mentioned, because the people want us to focus on solving the issues like the medicines,” he said.

While acknowledging the EU move on medicines, Lord Frost said there had been “much less progress in other areas”.

“Overall, with the potential exception of medicines, I do not believe that the negotiations are yet close to delivering outcomes which can genuinely solve the problems presented by the protocol,” he said

The Brexit minister said the UK had been prepared to consider an “interim agreement” on the outstanding issues pending a “comprehensive solution” being reached.

He said even an interim agreement had not been possible at this point.

“It is disappointing that it has not been possible to reach either a comprehensive or worthwhile interim agreement this year,” he said.

“A solution needs to be found urgently early next year. For as long as there is no agreed solution, we remain ready to use the Article 16 safeguard mechanism if that is the only way to protect the prosperity and stability of Northern Ireland and its people.”

The proposed EU law change on medicines would allow GB-based pharma suppliers to maintain their current regulatory arrangements.

It would mean companies in GB could continue to act as a hub for the supply of generic medicines to Northern Ireland, without the need to establish bases in the region.

The proposals would also apply to other small markets which use British medicines, including the Irish Republic, Malta and Cyprus.